Got a debt letter — is it real? How to tell.

Fake debt letters are a common scam in Australia. Before you pay anything, verify the letter is real. Here's how.

Red flags

  • Pressure tactics — "pay within 24 hours or face arrest". No legitimate Australian debt collector can have you arrested for unpaid civil debt.
  • Unfamiliar creditor — you don't recognise the original business.
  • Vague amount — exact dollar figure missing or oddly specific (like $1,247.83 with no breakdown).
  • Demand for unusual payment methods — gift cards, cryptocurrency, wire transfer to overseas accounts.
  • No ABN/ACN on the letter or website.
  • No mention of dispute rights or hardship — legitimate Australian collectors must mention these.

Verification steps

  1. Search the collector's name + "ABN" or "ASIC" — every legitimate Australian collector is registered.
  2. Check ASIC's professional register — credit-licensed collectors are listed.
  3. Phone the original creditor directly (using a number from THEIR website, not the letter) — confirm whether the debt was sold or assigned.
  4. Look up the collector at AFCA — legitimate financial-services collectors are members.
  5. Search for complaints — scam collectors leave a pattern.

What to do if it's a scam

  • Don't pay anything.
  • Don't share bank details or personal info.
  • Report to ScamWatch (scamwatch.gov.au).
  • Report to ACMA if it came via SMS or call.
  • Report to your bank if you've already paid — fraudulent transactions can sometimes be recovered.

What to do if it's real

  • Verify the amount and basis.
  • Use the legitimate dispute pathway if you don't agree.
  • Apply for hardship if you genuinely can't pay.
  • Settle through the official portal — never via phone with card details.